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vue实现框选效果

2026-01-18 18:14:45VUE

实现框选效果的基本思路

在Vue中实现框选效果，通常需要监听鼠标事件，记录起始和结束位置，动态绘制一个矩形框，并根据框选范围判断哪些元素被选中。以下是具体实现方法：

监听鼠标事件

在Vue组件的模板中，为容器元素绑定鼠标事件：

<div 
  @mousedown="startSelection"
  @mousemove="updateSelection"
  @mouseup="endSelection"
  class="selection-container"
>
  <!-- 其他内容 -->
  <div 
    v-if="isSelecting" 
    class="selection-box" 
    :style="selectionBoxStyle"
  ></div>
</div>

定义数据和方法

在Vue组件的data或setup中定义相关变量：

data() {
  return {
    isSelecting: false,
    startX: 0,
    startY: 0,
    currentX: 0,
    currentY: 0,
  };
},

实现事件处理逻辑

methods: {
  startSelection(e) {
    this.isSelecting = true;
    this.startX = e.clientX;
    this.startY = e.clientY;
    this.currentX = e.clientX;
    this.currentY = e.clientY;
  },
  updateSelection(e) {
    if (!this.isSelecting) return;
    this.currentX = e.clientX;
    this.currentY = e.clientY;
  },
  endSelection() {
    this.isSelecting = false;
    // 在这里处理被框选的元素
  },
},

计算选择框样式

computed: {
  selectionBoxStyle() {
    const left = Math.min(this.startX, this.currentX);
    const top = Math.min(this.startY, this.currentY);
    const width = Math.abs(this.currentX - this.startX);
    const height = Math.abs(this.currentY - this.startY);

    return {
      left: `${left}px`,
      top: `${top}px`,
      width: `${width}px`,
      height: `${height}px`,
    };
  },
},

检测被框选的元素

methods: {
  // ...
  getSelectedElements() {
    const elements = document.querySelectorAll('.selectable-item');
    const selectedElements = [];

    elements.forEach(el => {
      const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
      const isInSelection = 
        rect.right > Math.min(this.startX, this.currentX) &&
        rect.left < Math.max(this.startX, this.currentX) &&
        rect.bottom > Math.min(this.startY, this.currentY) &&
        rect.top < Math.max(this.startY, this.currentY);

      if (isInSelection) {
        selectedElements.push(el);
      }
    });

    return selectedElements;
  },
},

样式设置

.selection-container {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.selection-box {
  position: absolute;
  background-color: rgba(100, 180, 255, 0.3);
  border: 1px solid rgba(100, 180, 255, 0.8);
  pointer-events: none;
}

使用Vue 3 Composition API的实现

对于Vue 3，可以使用Composition API实现：

import { ref, computed } from 'vue';

export default {
  setup() {
    const isSelecting = ref(false);
    const startX = ref(0);
    const startY = ref(0);
    const currentX = ref(0);
    const currentY = ref(0);

    const selectionBoxStyle = computed(() => {
      const left = Math.min(startX.value, currentX.value);
      const top = Math.min(startY.value, currentY.value);
      const width = Math.abs(currentX.value - startX.value);
      const height = Math.abs(currentY.value - startY.value);

      return {
        left: `${left}px`,
        top: `${top}px`,
        width: `${width}px`,
        height: `${height}px`,
      };
    });

    const startSelection = (e) => {
      isSelecting.value = true;
      startX.value = e.clientX;
      startY.value = e.clientY;
      currentX.value = e.clientX;
      currentY.value = e.clientY;
    };

    const updateSelection = (e) => {
      if (!isSelecting.value) return;
      currentX.value = e.clientX;
      currentY.value = e.clientY;
    };

    const endSelection = () => {
      isSelecting.value = false;
      // 处理被框选的元素
    };

    return {
      isSelecting,
      selectionBoxStyle,
      startSelection,
      updateSelection,
      endSelection,
    };
  },
};