vue导航的实现
Vue 导航的实现方法
使用 Vue Router 实现基础导航
安装 Vue Router 依赖:
npm install vue-router
在项目中配置路由:
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from './views/Home.vue'
import About from './views/About.vue'
const routes = [
{ path: '/', component: Home },
{ path: '/about', component: About }
]
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(),
routes
})
在 main.js 中注册路由:
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
createApp(App).use(router).mount('#app')
在模板中使用路由:
<router-link to="/">Home</router-link>
<router-link to="/about">About</router-link>
<router-view></router-view>
动态路由配置
定义带参数的路由:
{
path: '/user/:id',
component: User,
props: true
}
在组件中访问路由参数:
export default {
props: ['id'],
setup(props) {
console.log(props.id)
}
}
导航守卫
全局前置守卫:
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
if (to.meta.requiresAuth && !isAuthenticated) {
next('/login')
} else {
next()
}
})
路由独享守卫:

{
path: '/admin',
component: Admin,
beforeEnter: (to, from, next) => {
// 验证逻辑
}
}
组件内守卫:
export default {
beforeRouteEnter(to, from, next) {
// 组件渲染前调用
},
beforeRouteUpdate(to, from, next) {
// 当前路由改变但组件复用时调用
},
beforeRouteLeave(to, from, next) {
// 离开该组件对应路由时调用
}
}
路由元信息
定义路由元字段:
{
path: '/profile',
component: Profile,
meta: { requiresAuth: true }
}
编程式导航
在组件中导航:
// 字符串路径
router.push('/users/1')
// 带查询参数
router.push({ path: '/users', query: { page: 1 } })
// 命名路由
router.push({ name: 'user', params: { id: '123' } })
// 替换当前路由
router.replace({ path: '/about' })
// 前进/后退
router.go(1)
router.go(-1)
嵌套路由
配置嵌套路由:

{
path: '/user/:id',
component: User,
children: [
{
path: 'profile',
component: UserProfile
},
{
path: 'posts',
component: UserPosts
}
]
}
在父组件模板中添加:
<router-view></router-view>
懒加载路由
按需加载路由组件:
const User = () => import('./views/User.vue')
{
path: '/user',
component: User
}
滚动行为
自定义滚动行为:
const router = createRouter({
scrollBehavior(to, from, savedPosition) {
if (savedPosition) {
return savedPosition
} else {
return { top: 0 }
}
}
})
路由过渡效果
为路由切换添加过渡动画:
<router-view v-slot="{ Component }">
<transition name="fade" mode="out-in">
<component :is="Component" />
</transition>
</router-view>
配套 CSS:
.fade-enter-active,
.fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}
.fade-enter-from,
.fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}






