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php实现区块链

2026-01-16 11:47:44PHP

PHP 实现区块链的基本步骤

PHP 可以用于实现一个简单的区块链系统，以下是关键步骤和代码示例：

区块类实现

创建一个 Block 类来表示区块链中的单个区块：

class Block {
    public $index;
    public $timestamp;
    public $data;
    public $previousHash;
    public $hash;

    public function __construct($index, $timestamp, $data, $previousHash = '') {
        $this->index = $index;
        $this->timestamp = $timestamp;
        $this->data = $data;
        $this->previousHash = $previousHash;
        $this->hash = $this->calculateHash();
    }

    public function calculateHash() {
        return hash('sha256', 
            $this->index . 
            $this->timestamp . 
            json_encode($this->data) . 
            $this->previousHash
        );
    }
}

区块链类实现

创建 Blockchain 类来管理区块链：

class Blockchain {
    public $chain;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->chain = [$this->createGenesisBlock()];
    }

    private function createGenesisBlock() {
        return new Block(0, date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), 'Genesis Block', '0');
    }

    public function getLatestBlock() {
        return $this->chain[count($this->chain) - 1];
    }

    public function addBlock($newBlock) {
        $newBlock->previousHash = $this->getLatestBlock()->hash;
        $newBlock->hash = $newBlock->calculateHash();
        $this->chain[] = $newBlock;
    }

    public function isChainValid() {
        for ($i = 1; $i < count($this->chain); $i++) {
            $currentBlock = $this->chain[$i];
            $previousBlock = $this->chain[$i - 1];

            if ($currentBlock->hash !== $currentBlock->calculateHash()) {
                return false;
            }

            if ($currentBlock->previousHash !== $previousBlock->hash) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

使用示例

// 创建区块链
$myBlockchain = new Blockchain();

// 添加区块
$myBlockchain->addBlock(new Block(1, date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), ['amount' => 4]));
$myBlockchain->addBlock(new Block(2, date('Y-m-d H:i:s'), ['amount' => 10]));

// 验证区块链
echo 'Blockchain valid: ' . ($myBlockchain->isChainValid() ? 'Yes' : 'No');

// 输出区块链
echo '<pre>' . print_r($myBlockchain, true) . '</pre>';